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Nelson Mandela ... was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993, died on December 5th, 2013.
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He was born on July 18th, 1918, in the village of Mvezo (Umtata) ... was then a part of South Africa's Cape Province.
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Mandela's father was a tribal chief, a believer of the god Qamata, and a polygamist ... had four wives and thirteen children.
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Young Nelson grew up in an environment ... he would later describe as being dominated by 'custom, ritual and taboo' with his mother and two of his sisters.
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Mandela ... first name was not yet Nelson but Rolihlahla ('troublemaker'), was converted to Methodism and taught to read and write when his mother sent him to school.
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The school's headmaster was a man ... was convinced of the superiority of English culture. Consequently, Rolihlahla-come-Nelson developed an interest in his African roots.
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Before taking up his Law studies in 1943, Mandela worked in a variety of badly-paid in and around Johannesburg ... he lived at the time
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At Witwatersrand University ... he was the only African student, Mandela started taking an interest in politics.
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The African National Congress (ANC) was pretty new then, but it was a very active organization ... organised a number of mass protests against Apartheid -which were brutally beaten down.
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By about 1955, Mandela had come to the conclusion that the resistance 'had no alternative to armed and violent resistance' -an idea ... he would later distance himself from.
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The late 1950s and early 1960s were a complicated time for the resistance movement, one of ... most important leaders Mandela had now become.
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In 1962, he was arrested and imprisoned in Pretoria; two years later Mandela was sentenced and transferred to Robben Island Prison ... he remained until 1982.
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In Robben Island and, between 1982 and 1988, in Pollsmoor Prison Mandela ... liberation became a major goal of opponents to racism the world over, kept up his political work.
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After another move to Victor Verster Prison due to the tuberculosis ... he'd contracted, Mandela was finally freed in 1990.
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Mandela's release signalled the beginning of complicated negotiations ... were finally concluded by 1992/93. Apartheid was abolished.
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In 1994, the man ... had spent more than 30 years behind bars became South Africa's first black president.
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Between 1999 ... he retired, and 2004, Nelson Mandela dedicated himself to philanthropy and world peace. Then, he became too ill to go on and really -kind of- retired.
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When Mandela died that day in 2013, the world lost one of its most enigmatic leaders. He had freed the country from apartheid, but he had not been able to realise one of his greatest concerns -the Freedom Charter ... had fallen victim to the negotiations in the early nineties.
Nelson Mandela